Hamadryas
Andrew V. Z. BrowerThis tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.
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close boxIntroduction
Members of this neotropical genus perch on tree trunks with their wings pressed flat against the bark. The males of some species make an audible clicking sound in flight, which is the source of their colloquial name "crackers." This feature is lost in some of the derived members of the genus (Garzón-Orduña, 2012).
Discussion of Phylogenetic Relationships
The phylogenetic hypothesis is based on a cladistic analysis of 93 morphological characters using implied weights (Garzón, 2012).References
Garzón-Orduña, I.J. 2012. Phylogenetic evidence for loss of sound production and a shift in sexual recognition signals in Hamadryas butterflies (Nymphalidae: Biblidinae). Systematic Entomology 37, 84-101.
Jenkins, D.W. 1983. Neotropical Nymphalidae I. Revision of Hamadryas. Bull. Allyn Mus. 81, 1-146.
Lamas G ed. 2004. Checklist: Part 4A Hesperioidea - Papiionoidea. Gainesville: Scientific Publishers/Association of Tropical Lepidoptera.
About This Page
Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Andrew V. Z. Brower at
Page copyright © 2012
Page: Tree of Life Hamadryas Authored by . Andrew V. Z. Brower. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.
- First online 06 November 2006
- Content changed 21 April 2012
Citing this page:
Brower, Andrew V. Z. 2012. Hamadryas http://tolweb.org/Hamadryas/70460/2012.04.21 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
. Version 21 April 2012 (under construction).